『The History of Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty before 1900』

本

Stephen M. Stigler

（1986年刊行，Harvard University Press，ISBN:0674403401 [hbk] / ISBN:067440341X [pbk] → 版元ページ）

統計学史の本として定評があり，版を重ねています．400ページもある厚い本だが，ペーパーバック版であれば，たった二千円ほどで買えます．とても安い買い物です．正規分布ひとつをとっても，どのような経緯であのような関数形が求められたのかが，ラプラスからガウスにいたる流れとして詳しく描かれています．

【目次】
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction 1

PART 1: The Development of Mathematical Statistics in Astronomy and Geodesy before 1827 9

1. Least Squares and the Combination of Observations 11
Legendre in 1805
Cotes's Rule
Tobias Mayer and the Libration of the Moon
Saturn, Jupiter, and Enter
Laplace's Rescue of the Solar System
Roger Boscovich and the Figure of the Earth
Laplace and the Method of Situation
Legendre and the Invention of Least Squares

2. Probabilists and the Measurement of Uncertainty 62
Jacob Bernoulli
De Moivre and the Expanded Binomial
Bernoulli's Failure
De Moivre's Approximation
De Moivre's Deficiency
Simpson and Bayes
Simpson's Crucial Step toward Error
A Bayesian Critique

3. Inverse Probability 99
Laplace and Inverse Probability
The Choice of Means
The Deduction of a Curve of Errors in 1772-1774
The Genesis of Inverse Probability
Laplace's Memoirs 0f 1777 - 1781
The Error Curve of 1777
Bayes and the Binomial
Laplace the Analyst
Nonuniform Prior Distributions
The Central Limit Theorem

4. The Gauss-Laplace Synthesis 139
Gauss in 1809
Reenter Laplace
A Relative Maturity: Laplace and the Tides of the Atmosphere
The Situation in 1827

PART 2: The Struggle to Extend a Calculus of Probabilities to the Social Sciences 159

5. Quetelet's Two Attempts 161
The de Keverberg Dilemma
The Average Man
The Analysis of Conviction Rates
Poisson and the Law of Large Numbers
Poisson and Juries
Comte and Poinsot
Cournot's Critique
The Hypothesis of Elementary Errors
The Fitting of Distributions: Quetelismus

6. Attempts to Revive the Binomial 221
Lexis and Binomial Dispersion
Arbuthnot and the Sex Ratio at Birth
Buckle and Campbell
The Dispersion of Series
Lexis's Analysis and Interpretation
Why Lexis Failed
Lexian Dispersion after Lexis

7. Psychophysics as a Counterpart 239
The Personal Equation
Fechner and the Method of Right and Wrong Cases
Ebbington and Memory

PART 3: A Breakthrough in Studies of Heredity 263

8. The English Breakthrough: Galton 265
Galton, Edgeworth, Pearson
Galton's Hereditary Genius and the Statistical Scale
Conditions for Normality
The Quincunx and a Breakthrough
Reversion
Symmetric Studies of Stature
Data on Brothers
Estimating Variance Components
Galton's Use of Regression
Correlation

9. The Next Generation: Edgeworth 300
The Critics' Reactions to Galton's Work
Pearson's Initial Response
Francis Ysidro Edgeworth
Edgeworth's Early Work in Statistics
The Link with Galton
Edgeworth, Regression, and Correlation
Estimating Correlation Coefficients
Edgeworth's Theorem

10. Pearson and Yule 326
Pearson and Statisticians
The Pearson Family of Curves
Pearson versus Edgeworth
Pearson and Correlation
Yule, the Poor Law, and Least Squares: The Second Synthesis
The Situation in 1900

Appendix A. Syllabus for Edgeworth's 1885 Lectures 363
Appendix B. Syllabus for Edgeworth's 1892 Newmarch Lectures 367

Suggested Readings 370
Bibliography 379
Index 399